What is neurofeedback?
Neurofeedback is called many things. It is referred to as EEG biofeedback, neuro-biofeedback, neurotherapy, and brain wave training. These terms are often used interchangeably. Neurofeedback training is effective for many conditions, such as head injuries, neuroses and anxieties, and a variety of conditions regulated by brain wave function.
Neurofeedback is a therapeutic intervention that presents the client with real-time feedback on brainwave activity, as measured by sensors on the scalp, and typically in the form of visual or audio rewards. The number of sensors determines if the clinician is doing “single channel” or “full cap” EEG. We do both. We also use a variety of neurofeedback methods and modalities.
When brain activity (amplitude or connectivity) changes in the direction desired by the customized neurofeedback protocol, a positive “reward” feedback is given to the individual. Most neurofeedback methods train brain waves to create conditioned self-regulation.
Neurofeeback works by directly training brain function; it provides a feedback signal and the brain heals itself through neuroplasticity. Neurofeedback users can control their brain waves consciously. Users become aware of their EEG activity using a visual aid, and are able to assess their own progress during the treatment.
There are various treatment protocols per region and activity. Different frequencies delta (less than 4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz), and gamma (30–100 Hz) each represent a particular function. For example, theta waves represent creativity, insight, anxiety and meditative states.
EEG electrode placement helps target specific locations as well. For example, an electrode placed on the frontal lobe region can help target attention, time management, and working memory.
What is Neuromodulation (aka Neurostimulation)?
Neuromodulation is also known as neurostimulation. Neuromodulation, at the clinical level, is comprised of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), and pulsed electro-magnetic field stimulation (PEMF). The last form of neuromodulation is rTMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation), which is prescribed by physicians and largely used for depression.
